Ontogeny
From Biomatics.org
The cell is in biology, the unit of structure and function of which all plants and animals are composed. The cell is the smallest unit in the living organism that is capable of integrating the essential life processes. There are many unicellular organisms, e.g., bacteria, in which the single cell performs all life functions. In higher organisms, a division of labor has evolved in which groups of cells have differentiated into specialized tissues , which in turn are grouped into organs and organ systems.
During mitosis a living cell duplicates into two daughter cells. The amount of the genetic material in daughter cells is the same as in the mother cell.
In cycle 1, there is a cell-creator: 1 A0
In cycle2, our mother cell A0 during the mitosis duplicates into two daughter cells: 2 A1
So in cycle 3, the two mother cells, 2 A1, duplicate into four daughter cells: 4 A2
In cycle 4 the four mother cells, 4 A2, during the mitosis duplicate into eight daughter cells: 8 A3;
In cycle n, the 2n-2 An-2 mother cells, duplicate into 2n-1 daughter cells: 2n-1 An-1 .
The number sequence which represents the cell division is a geometrical series:
1,2,4,8,32,64,128,256,512
By the geometrical model of cell division, each cycle leads to the new cells of the same generation without surviving of the old cell. The cell A0 becomes older by the law
t=n*T
where n is the number of the cycle and T is the period of the cycle. But, by the previous model the age of the cells is always T. That is in contradiction with natural law and with the reproduction of the more - cellular organisms.
When we have reproduction of the more-cellular organisms the parents kept their generation and the children represent a new generation. The reproduction of the more- cellular organisms is the universal law of the cell division:
Cell division results into two cells of different age!
We recognise the mother cell and the daughter cell.
1.So in cycle 2, our young cell becomes a mother for the first time and produces her first daughter cell: A0 + A1
2.In cycle 3, the mother cell A0 reproduces into A0 + A1, as well as cell-daughter reproduces into A1 + A2 . Now, three generations are present: A0 + 2 A1 + A2.
3. In cycle 4, the original mother cell produces another daughter cell. Two mother cells A1 reproduce into 2 A1 + 2 A2. The mother cell A2 also produces its own daughter cell. Now four generations are present:A0 + 3 A1 + 3 A2 + A3 ;
4. In cycle 5, there are: A0 + 4 A1 + 6 A2 + 4 A3 + A4;
5. In cycle 6, there are: A0 + 5 A1 + 10 A2 + 10 A3 + 5 A4 + A5 ;
etc...
The numbers of cells in each cycle produce the rows of the Pascal`s triangle:
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
1 5 10 10 5 1
1 6 15 20 15 6 1
1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1
1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1
1 9 36 84 126 126 84 36 9 1
Pascal’s triangle is thus the Model of cell division. By adding diagonal numbers of the Pascal Triangle, the Fibonacci sequence can be obtained.
The Pascal Triangle is the ideal law of cell division. All cells have infinite division possibilities and the cells never die. However, that is not the case in Nature.
The Real Model of the cell division must assume that a cell dies after a few cycles of the division.
In cycle 1, we have cell- mother A00. There is 1 cell present.
In cycle 2 cell- mother produces cell - mother A01, cell- first daughter A10 and cell- second daughter A-1 which doesn`t create a cell. There are 3 cells present.
In cycle 3, cell A01 becomes a mother and produces her daughter : A02 + A10. Cell A10 becomes a mother for the first time and produces its own daughter: A11 + A20. Cell- second daughter A-1 doesn`t have its own production. There are :A02+A10+A11+A20 . There are 4 cells present.
In cycle 4 there are : A03+A11+A20+ A12+A20+A21+A30 . The cell A02 has no production and becomes A03. There are 7 cells present.
In cycle 5 the cell A03 passes away and the cell A12 becomes A13. There are: A12+A20+A21+ A30+A13+A21+A30+ A22+A30+A31+A40. .There are 11 cells present.
In cycle 6 there are : A13+A21 +A30+A22+A30+A31+ A40+A22+A30+A31+ A40+A23+A31+A40+ A32+A40+A41+ A50. There are 18 cells present.
In cycle 7 there are 29 cells and etc...
The number of cells in each cycle of cell division is :
1,3,4,7,11,18,29,47,76,123,199,322
That is Lucas series of numbers. This series has the characteristic that each term is the sum of the two previous terms. The Lucas numbers Model of Cell Division is the Real Model of Cell Division. The connection between Cell Division, Pascal’s Triangle, Fibonacci numbers and Lucas numbers, is shown.
http://milan.milanovic.org/math/english/division/division.html